Internal-combustion engine of the v-type



A. P. BRUSH. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE OF THE v TYPE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY15,1915. lfifi gl o fi W w I 5 mm]. f IN 2/ W U, WO

t 11g! w O M IHI if? M M n E IN N1: O [l M i ip:

I? i T N N O tgjg .iji i m Patented Sept. 21, 19219 A. P. BRUSH.INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE OF THE v TYPE.

APPLlCATlON FILED MAY 15, 1915.

Patented Sept. 211 192% "7 *flM/w/ A. P. BRUSH. INTERNAL COMBUSTIONENGINE OF THE V TYPE.

, APPLICATION FILED MAY 15. 1915. 1 353 21$ Patenteci Sept .21, 1920),

3 SHEETSSHEET 3 Z "\miiiiiiA LzJ K Q V/dwla To all whom it may concern:

osrrao stares PATENT @Fr HQE.

ALANSON P. BRUSH, 013 DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE OF THE if-TYPE.

Be it known that I, ALANSON P. BRUSH, a citizen of the United States,residing at Detroit, in the county of Wayne and State of Michigan, haveinvented a certain new and useful Improvement in Internal-CombustionEngines of the V Type, of which the following is a full, clear, andexact description.

This invention relates to internal combustion engines of the V-type.Practically all of the improvements as defined by the claims are notapplicable to or useful with V-type engines having only two cylinderswhose axes are set at an angle to one another. In fact, the primarypurpose of the improvements is to produce a V-type engine having aplurality of cylinders in each row, and particularly adapted for use asthe motor for an automobile or aeroplane.

More specifically, the object of the invention is to produce such amulti-cylinder en; gine of the V-type in a form which is light butstrong, and of comparatively small first cost, which shall be highlyeflicient, and which additionally shall have the parts so arranged thatthey are conveniently accessible for adjustment and repair.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a plan view of an eight-cylinder enginewith the head plate of one row of cylinders removed; Fig.

2 is a side elevation of the engine with the lower half of the crankcase and the crank shaft and some other parts removed; Fig. 3 is a topView of one of the head plates 25; and Fig. 4 is a front elevation ofsaid engine with one-half of the crank case and one of the right handcylinders shown in section.

The invention is shown in connection with an eight-cylinder engine. Fourof these cylinders 10 which are formed without heads, are in one rowwith their axes lying are surrounded by water jackets 13, the in-Specification of Letters Patent. Patqgn bgfl Sgpt 21, 192@ Originalapplication filed November 30, 1914, Serial No. 874,607.

Divided and this application filed May Serial No. 28,455.

ner wall of the water jacket for each row (and by inner wall is meantthe wall which faces the space between the two rows of cylinders) isformed with its upper part 13 approximately parallel with the inclinedplane which contains the axes of the cylinders in said row; but thelower part 13 of said inner wall of the water jacket is substantiallyvertical. The upper part 13 of the outer wall of the water jacket foreach row of cylinders is substantially parallel with the inclined planewhich contains the axes of said cylinders, but the lower part 13 of saidouter wall is substantially horizontal and joins the vertical lower wall13 referred to between the cylinders. As a result of this, the waterjacketed spaces between the cylinders at their lower ends take the formof a right angled V which points directly toward the axis of the crankshaft.

The upper half 14 of the crank case has two vertical side walls 14 whichas shown are downward continuations of the vertical inner water jacketwall 13". The top of said upper half of the crank case has twohorizontal portions 146 which are shown as inward continuations of thewater jacket wall 13; extending from the inner edges of these horizontalportions 14 of the top wall of said crank case are the inclined walls14, the upper ends of which are joined by the substantially horizontalportion 11. The lower ends of the cylinders project slightly into thecrank case as shown, and the upper end of said cylinders are open.

The described construction is such that, by the use of suitable cores,the eight headless water jacketed cylinders and the upper half of thecrank case may be cast in one piece in a two-part mold. I

The crank shaft is mounted in suitable bearings which are carried by theupper half of the crank case. The lower half 15 of the crank case may bemade of sheet metal and may be bolted to the upper half. The crank shaft12 has four crank pins 12. Each crank pin is associated with a pair ofcylinders, one in each row; that is to say, the connecting rods til-82of an associated pair of directly opposed cylinders engages with eachcrank pin. The cylindersot' one row are opposed to the cylinders in theother row in the sense that the axis of any cylinder in cylinder in theother row, lie in the same vertical plane which is at right angles tothe axis of the crank shaft.

The cylinders as shown are formed without heads, but the upper ends ofall the cylinders of each row are subsequently closed by a single headplate 25 bolted thereto. The two head plates 25, as shown, are exactlyalike, and they are, therefore, interchangeable by merely turning themend for end. A description of one head plate and its associated partswill therefore answer for both.

Within each head plate are four cored out inlet ports 26, and four coredout exhaust ports 3 0,-one inlet and one exhaust port for each cylinder;and these ports extend through the lower wall of the head plate in orderthat they may communicate with said cylinders. All of the ports in thehead plate are surrounded by water circulating space 24: into whichwater flows from the water jacket 13 through the holes 21 and 25 formedrespectively in the upper end of the water jacket and the lower wall ofsaid head plate. Projecting from the inner side of each head plate andpreferably in a nearly vertical direction is an extension which isconstructed in such wise as to form two concentric tubes, 27, 28, theouter of which, 27, communicates with the said water circulatingspace.The four inlet ports are merged together within the head plate. and theycommunicate with the inner of these tubes 28.

A combined fuel inlet manifold and water outlet manifold extends betweenand is connected at its ends to the two projections referred to. Thiscombined manifold consists of two concentric tubes, namely, an innertube 75 which communicates with the inner tube 28 of the projection, andan outer tube 75 which connects with the outer tube 27 of theprojection. The inner tube of this combined manifold has a rearwardlyextended projection 75 to which may be connected a carbureter forsupplying the required explosivemixture, The outer tube 75 of thiscombined manifold has a forwardly projecting tubular extension 75 whichis to be connected with the radiator (not shown), which is usuallyassociated with internal combustion engines. Those exhaust ports 30 ofeach head which are associated with the two end cylinders leadrespectively to short exhaust tubes 31, which project outward from theouter side of the head and are located equal distances from the ends ofsaid head. The two exhaust ports associated with the two middle cylin- Iders are merged together and communicate with an exhaust tube 31 whichprojects outward from the outer side of said head at a point midwaybetween the ends thereof.

An exhaust manifold 80 is provided for each row of cylinders. It islocated outside of said row and beneath the overhanging part thereof,and is therefore out of the way, and not in a position where a personseeking to adjust the carbureter or any of the mechanism which may bedisposed within the V-shaped space between the two rows of cylinders, isliable to touch it and be burned as a result thereof. Each exhaustmanifold is connected with the three ex haust tubes 31-31 substantiallyas shown, by the tubes 31'.

lVater is conducted to the water jackets 13 of each row of cylindersthrough a common inlet pipe 13 which is located outside of and beneaththe overhanging part of the row of cylinders, and connects with thelower end of the associated water jacket through an opening in the outerwall thereof and about midway between the ends of the row.

The valve mechanism shown is generically of familiar form. and is knownas the overhead type. Each inlet and exhaust port is provided with aninwardly opening valve for engagement with the valve seat formed at theinner end of said port. Each valve has a stem 33, and is associated witha spring 34 which acts to draw the valve to the closed position. Eachvalve stem is engaged at its upper end by one end of arocker 40, whoseother end engages with a valve operating rod 50. Each rocker isfulcrumed about midway between its ends, and in the particularconstruction shown the fulcrums-for all these rockers are studs 60carried by a cap plate which is removably secured to the upper end of.the head plate. The lower end of each valve operating rod is adjacent tothe upper end of an endwise movable tappet 51 which projects through aninclined part 14: of the crank case and into engagement with a cam 17 onthe cam shaft 17. The valve mechanism as shown embodies importantfeatures of novelty which are not, however, important to the inventionwhich this patent is designed to cover. The novel characteristics of thevalve mechanism are made the subject matter of another applicationSerial No. 29,743 filed May 22, 1915, which, like this application, is adivision of my application Serial No. 874,607, filed November 30, 1914.

When the described engine is in operation the cooled water enters thewater jackets 13 through the water inlet pipes 77, and flows into thewater circulating spaces in the head plates, and thence through theouter tubes 27 and" to a suitable radiator or water cooling device. Thiswater will be heated as it passes through the water jackets 13 and willbe fairly hot whenit passes out of the head plate. The explosivemixtures of air or gasolene spray-or vapor will be drawn through theinner tube '75 which, 1

as before stated, will be surrounded hot water and will be heated bythat hot water. The explosive mixtures will, therefore," be heatedbefore they enter the inlet ports, and this will materially assist invaporizing the gasolene and otherwise preparing said mixture for morecomplete and quick combustion within-the cylinders.

Having described m invention,'I claim: 1. An internal com ustion engine,two rows of water jacketed cylinders, each row containing a pluralnumber-of cylinders and.

' having. the upper half of the crank case tially vertical lower innerend and a sub:

stantially horizontal lower outer end, and the'upper part of the crankcase having side walls which are substantially vertical and having a topwall which at each side is substantially horizontal, the said horizontaland vertical walls of the crank case being integrally connected with thesaid horizontal and vertical walls of the water jacket,

and said water jacket being also formed integrally with the same castingwhich includes the cylinders and crank case, 7

3. In an internal combustion engine of the V-type, the combination oftwo rows of inclined headless water-jacketed cylinders combined with tworemovable head plates one for each row of cylinders, each head platecontaining cored out inlet passages having a single fuel inlet theretothrough the inner edge of said head plate and containing cored outexhaust passages having discharge outlets through the outeredge of saidhead plate, and containing also cored out water circulating space havinga water outlet through the inner edge of said head plate,there beingpassageways which connect said water circulating space in each headplate with the water jacket space in the associated row of cylinders,and said single fuel inlet and said single water outlet being separatedfrom each other by a heat combined with two removable head platesconducting partition through which the heat of the outgoing water may betransmitted to the incoming gases.

4. In an internal combustion engme of the V-type, the combination of tworows of inclined headless water-jacketed cylinders,

one for each row of cylinders, each head plate containing cored outinlet passages having a single fuel inlet thereto through the inner edgeof said head plate and containing cored out exhaust assages havingdischarge outlets through t e outer edge of said head plate, andcontaining also cored outwater circulating 'space having a water outletthrough the inner edge of said head plate,there being passageways whichconnect said water circulating space in each head plate with the waterjacket space in the associated row of cylinders, two fuel inlet manifoldpipes which are respectively connected over the fuel inlets of said twohead plates and extend therefrom upward and toward one another, saidmanifolds be mg connected adjacent their highest points,

two waterv outlet pipes which are connected over the water outlets ofsaid two head plates and extend therefrom upward and toward one anothersaid two pipes being connected adjacent their highest points, the

said water outlet pipes being separated from the two' fuel inletmanifold pipes by a single heat conducting partition.

5. In an internal combustion engine of the V-type, the combination oftwo rows of oppositely inclined headless water jacketed cylinders, and,two head plates which are alike and may be substituted one for theother, each head plate containing cored out inlet and exhaust ports andwater circulating space surrounding said .ports', the said exhaust portsdischarging through the outer wall of said head, and said head having on,its inner side a projection formed of two concentric tubes of which theinner tube communicates with the inlet ports and the outer tubecommunicates with the water circulating space within said head.

6. In an internal combustion engine of the V-type, the combination oftwo rows of op-- positely inclined headless water jacketed cylinders,and two head plates which are exactly alike and may be substituted onefor the other, each head plate containing cored out inlet and exhaustports and water circulating space surrounding said ports, the saidexhaust ports discharging through the outer wall of said head, and saidhead having on its inner side a projection formed of two concentrictubes of which the inner tube communicates with the inlet ports and the.outer tube communicates with the water circulating space within saidhead, a fuel intake manifold connected with said inner tube, and a watertube which is connected with the outer of said tubes and surrounds theintake manifold.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto 'afiix my signature in the presence oftwo witnesses. ALANSON BRUSH.

Witnesses: I

E. L." THURsTpN, A. J. HUDsoN.

